Healthy pregnancy hub

Lorazepam (Ativan®)

Last Update: 09 Apr 2025

Welcome to our fact sheet on lorazepam (Ativan®) during pregnancy and breastfeeding/ chestfeeding. This information is based on available published literature. It should not take the place of medical care and advice from your healthcare provider.

The HEALTHY PREGNANCY HUB team is collaborating with MotherToBaby to share information on this topic. The original version is available here (updated on April 2024). 

Serene, our chatbot, can also answer your questions about medications during pregnancy. 

Please note that this fact sheet is based on United States information and has been adapted for Canada, with a review by our Canadian experts. Minor differences may exist between the two countries. Always consult your healthcare professional for information tailored to your situation. 

1. What is lorazepam?

Lorazepam is a medication that has been used to treat anxiety and insomnia (trouble falling and/or staying asleep). It has also been used to treat seizures and alcohol withdrawal syndrome. Some brand names for lorazepam are Ativan® and Loreev®. Lorazepam belongs to the class of medication called benzodiazepines. 

Sometimes when people find out they are pregnant, they think about changing how they take their medication, or stopping their medication altogether. However, it is important to talk with your healthcare providers before making any changes to how you take your medication. Studies have shown that when anxiety is left untreated during pregnancy, there can be a higher chance for pregnancy complications such as preterm delivery and/or low birth weight. We have a fact sheet on anxiety here.  

Some people have physical symptoms (called withdrawal) when they suddenly stop taking lorazepam. It is not known if or how withdrawal might affect a pregnancy. Your healthcare providers can talk with you about the benefits of treating your condition and the risks of untreated illness during pregnancy. 

2. What are the risks according to research?

I take lorazepam. Can it make it harder for me to get pregnant?

Studies have not been done to see if lorazepam can make it harder to get pregnant. 

Does taking lorazepam increase the chance of miscarriage?

Miscarriage is common and can occur in any pregnancy for many different reasons. It is not known if lorazepam could increase the chance of miscarriage. Some studies looking at benzodiazepines as a group suggest an increased chance of miscarriage. As there can be many causes of miscarriage, it is hard to know if a medication, the medical condition being treated, or other factors are the cause of a miscarriage. 

Does taking lorazepam increase the chance of birth defects?

Birth defects can happen in any pregnancy for different reasons. Out of all babies born each year, about 3 out of 100 (3%) will have a birth defect. It is unlikely that lorazepam significantly increases the chance of birth defects. One study found a possible association with anal atresia (bottom of the intestinal tract is closed off), and another study found an increased chance of pulmonary valve stenosis (abnormal development of the baby’s heart). However, other studies did not find an increased chance of birth defects with the use of lorazepam. 

Does taking lorazepam in pregnancy increase the chance of other pregnancy-related problems?

Some studies have suggested a higher chance of preterm delivery (birth before week 37) and low birth weight (weighing less than 5 pounds, 8 ounces [2500 grams] at birth) in infants that were exposed to lorazepam in the second half of pregnancy. However, not all studies found a higher chance for these pregnancy-related complications. It is possible that other factors, not lorazepam, caused these complications. 

I need to take lorazepam throughout my entire pregnancy. Will it cause withdrawal symptoms in my baby after birth?

The use of lorazepam during pregnancy can cause temporary symptoms in newborns soon after birth. These symptoms are sometimes referred to as withdrawal. Symptoms can include irritability, crying, sleep disturbances, tremors, jitteriness, trouble breathing, or muscle weakness. Not all babies exposed to lorazepam will have these symptoms. If symptoms develop, they usually go away within a few weeks and are not known to have any long-term effects for the baby. It is important that your healthcare providers know you are taking lorazepam so that if symptoms occur your baby can get the care that is best for them. 

Does taking lorazepam in pregnancy affect future behavior or learning for the child?

Studies have not been done to see if lorazepam can increase the chance of behavior or learning issues for the child. 

3. Breastfeeding/ chestfeeding while taking lorazepam

Lorazepam gets into breast milk/ human milk in small amounts. No side effects were found in studies of children exposed through breast milk/ human milk. If you suspect the baby has any symptoms (being too sleepy, poor feeding, or poor weight gain), contact the child’s healthcare provider. Be sure to talk to your healthcare provider about all your breastfeeding/ chestfeeding questions. 

4. Fathers and sperm donors

If a male takes lorazepam, can it affect fertility or increase the chance of birth defects?

When a male takes lorazepam, it is not expected to affect fertility (ability to get a partner pregnant) or increase the chance of birth defects. In general, exposures that fathers and sperm donors have are unlikely to increase risks to a pregnancy. For more information, please see the MotherToBaby fact sheet on Paternal Exposures here. 

Key points

  • Lorazepam is a medication in the benzodiazepine class used to treat anxiety, insomnia, seizures, and alcohol withdrawal.
  • Study results are conflicted about the risk of miscarriage, birth defects, and other problems related to the pregnancy.
  • Lorazepam passes into breast milk/ human milk in small amounts, but studies have not shown side effects in babies.
  • Always consult your healthcare provider before stopping or changing your treatment during pregnancy or breastfeeding/ chestfeeding.

References

Please click here for references. 

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Disclaimer

HEALTHY PREGNANCY HUB provides a source of information validated by health professionals; however, this information is provided for informational purposes only and should not replace professional advice. Medical standards and practices evolve as new data becomes available, so it is imperative to consult your doctor or a qualified health professional for any questions or concerns regarding your health without delay or omission. It is the responsibility of your treating physician or any other health professional, based on their independent experience and knowledge of the patient, to determine the best way to evaluate and treat you.

HEALTHY PREGNANCY HUB does not specifically recommend or endorse any test, practitioner, treatment, product, or opinion mentioned on our platform. HEALTHY PREGNANCY HUB also does not replace the individual patient assessment based on the examination by the healthcare provider of each patient and the consideration of laboratory data and other patient-specific factors.

The use of the information available on our site is at your own risk. No person involved in the creation, production, promotion, or marketing of HEALTHY PREGNANCY HUB guarantees or represents, expressly or implicitly, anything regarding the information available on the platform, which is provided “as it is”. All warranties are expressly excluded and disclaimed, including but not limited to implied warranties of merchantability or fitness for a particular purpose, as well as any warranties arising by law or otherwise in law or from trade or usage. Any statements or representations made by any other person or entity are void.

While consulting symptoms or other medical information on our platform may guide your discussions with your healthcare professional, this information should not be used to make a medical diagnosis or determine treatment. Before making changes to your supplement or medication regimen, please discuss with your medical team or contact 811 (Canada) to ensure the relevance of these changes to your individual situation.

Credits
MotherToBaby
Organization of Teratology Information Specialists (OTIS)
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Émy Roberge
Centre hospitalier universitaire Sainte-Justine
Anne-Sophie Otis
Centre Hospitalier Sainte-Justine

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